lochmann



2 SheetsSh eet 1.

P. LOOHMANN.

(No Model.)

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 244,135. Patented July 12,1881.

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INVENTOR mm np WITNESSES ATTORNEY Nv PETERS. Phm-Limo n hen Washingldn. D. C.

( ModeL) 2 Sheets-r-Sheet 2.

P. LOGHMANN.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 244,135. Patented July 12,1881" WITNESSES: INVENTOR m1 /%/,4/I/I #2, WM/

N. VEYERS, Phnmlnm n hw. waahin tmv. D. c.

* Urine" STATES PATENT Orricn."

. PAUL LOOHMANN, OF ZEITZ, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,135, dated July 12, 1881. A

Application filed March 14, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom tt may concern: W

Be it known that I, PAUL LOGHMANN, residing at the city of Zeitz, in the Kingdom of Prussia, in the German Empire, have invented Improvements in SteamEngines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to an improved construction of steam-engines in which the generation of the steam and the utilization of the same for motive purposes take place in the same space by expansion and condensation, so that the employment of a separate steamboiler is dispensed with and the same quantity of water, with but small additions, continually used for the generation of the steam.

The invention consists of a steam-cylinder which is open at the top and provided at the bottom with a cylindrical extension of equal diameter therewith. This extension is closed at the bottom, and forms the boiler of the engine, it being surrounded by the furnace. The steam-cylinderis surrounded by a jacket,which is divided by a horizontal partitioninto two compartments, the upper one of which is supplied with cooling-water, while the lower;one is filled with a non conductor of heat. A

, tightly-fitting main piston works in the upper part of the cylinder and transfers its motion .byconnecting-rods to the crank-shaft of the engine, while a second hollow cylindrical piston, below the main piston, but of less diameter than the steam-cylinder, serves to steer or govern the motion of the main piston, itspiston-rod being guided by a packing in the cylindrical center portion of the main piston, and connected by a set of compound levers to the crank'shaft of the engine outside of the flywheel, said crank being placed at a proper angle to the crank of the connecting-rods.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical central section of my improved steam-engine; and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are vertical central sections of the steamcylinder and main and steering pistons, showing the relative positions of the same for each quarter of a revolution of the driving crankshaft;

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, a represents a vertical steam-cylinder, which is surrounded by ajacket, to, that is divided by a horizonder to, and securely and tightly connected to the bottom flange of the same. To the bottom of the main cylinder is furthermore tightly secured a cylindrical extension, 0, of steel or boiler-iron, which is equal in diameter with the main cylinder and closed at the bottom.

The cylindrical extension 0 is surrounded by the furnace, its bottom being ata suitable distance above the grate of the same, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The extension 0 of the steamcylinder forms the boiler of my improved steam-engine.

The main cylinder a is open at the top, and guides in the upper part a tightly-fitting main piston, 70, to the central cylindrical portion, of which are pivoted the lower ends'of two connecting-rods, l, the upper ends of which are pivoted to the crank m of the crank-shaft m. A second hollow cylindrical piston, g, is arranged below the main piston k, and made somewhat smaller in diameter than the main cylinder to and its boiler-extension c. The lower piston, g, is closed at the top and bottom, and is of such length as to be always, whatever its position, partly in the steam-cylinder a and partly in the boiler-extension 6.. The lowerpiston, 9,

serves as a steering or governing piston for the main piston 70, forswhich purpose its piston-rod g is ,conductedthroughthe cylindrical center portion, 7a, of the piston 70 and tightly fitted thereto by packing. The lower steeringpiston, 9, receives verticall y-reciprocatin g motion from a crank, it, which is keyed to the outer end of the crank-shaftm by means of two pairs of levers, i i, of which the outer levers, i '5, are pivoted respectively to the crank it and to the head of the piston-rod g, while the intermediate levers, i i, are keyed respectively to the outer end and to the center of a transverse shaft, 6 which turns in bearings of bracketshaped arms of the crank-shaft -supporting standards at the top of the main cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

The cylinder to is provided with a valved supply-opening, h, through which the boiler-.-

extension e is filled with water up to a level with the testing-cock 71/, which is connected by a pipe, 71., with the lower part of the boilerextension e. The water, once filled in, is used continually, butrequires replenishing frompasses around the steering-piston in upward direction and acts upon the main piston, carrying the same in upward direction, as shown in Fig. 2. This upward motion is kept up by the action of the steam upon the piston it onequarter of a revolution of the crank until the piston assumes theposition'at the upper end I of the cylinder shown in Fig. 2. At thesam'e time the steering-piston arrives at its highest position and commences its'downwardmotion in obedience tothe motion of its crank,

so that it assumes theposition shown in Fig.

3, while the main pistonpasses over the dead'-' In the meantime," the influence exerted by the cooling-water'in the chamber point.

upon the steam betwe'enthe main and steering pistons condenses the same and creates a" partial vacuum in the spacebetwcen the pissame downward, which motion'is continued, as

the condensation proceeds, until the piston assumes the position shown in'FigA. In this position the steering-piston begins 'to follow again the main piston while the latter is pass ing over the second dead-point,so that-the-' vacuum is gradually diminished and steampressure exerted again :upon the main'piston, as in Fig.1. The play of the pistons continues in this manner, so as to impart thereby rotating motion to the crank-shaft m.

The regular motion of the'engine is con trolled by a governor,'which is'connected'witha valve, which opens from the main cylinder Itrequires but a few minutes to the outside.

quired for condensation, of which that only requires to be renewed from time to time which evaporates in the open air.

In this manner a compact, cheap, and effective steam-motor forsmall machinery is obtained, which, by its economical working, can

effectually compete with the air, gas, and other motors constructed for these purposes. Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a steam-engine, the combination, with a main cylinder, a, surrounded at one end by a cooling-chamber and at the other end by an insulating-chamber, of a cylindrical boiler-extension, 0, in line with the main cylinder and with a furnace surrounding the boiler-extension, all arranged substantially as described. 2. The combination of the main cylinder a, having a steam-generating extension,'e', with a tightly-fitting main-piston, k, and steering or governing piston below the same,a-nd with means, substantially'as described, whereby the 1 relati-ve'positions of the. pistonstoward each other are changed; "and thereby rotary motion transmitted to the driving crank-shafflsubstantially as set forth.

3. Ida steam-engine, tho combination of a main cylinder, having'a cylindrical steam-gen- "erating' extension, '0, 'with'themain piston k,

tons, so that the atmosphericpressure exerted upon the top of the main piston forces the having a central'cylindrical portion,*and with "a steering or governing piston, thepiston-rod of which is tightly fitted to the cylindrical center portion of the main pistonysubstantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a steam en'gine', the combination of the 7 main cylinder a, having *a steam-generating extension, 0, witha reciprocating main piston,

k, havin g a cen tral cylindrical portion, =10, 'wi th a'steering or governing" piston,'-'g,- below the main piston, the pistonrod ofthe steering piston being guided and tightly fitted to the central portion of the main piston, i.and with connecting-rods I, double sets of pivotcdand fulcrumed levers i i, and crank m andn of themain driving crank-shaftm, substantially as and for the purpose specified. In testimony whereof I have signed my name itothis specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' PAUL LOCHMANN. Witnesses:

E. W. FRISCH, J. MoNTGoMERY. 

